What are the safety precautions for the installation and construction of ventilation pipes?

The installation and construction of ventilation pipeline involves many links such as aerial work, equipment operation, welding and cutting, etc., and the safety risk is high, so the following safety precautions should be strictly observed:

First, the preparation stage before construction

Safety technical disclosure

Before construction, the technical director shall make safety technical disclosure to all operators, and make clear the construction process, risk factors (such as falling from high altitude, mechanical injury, electric shock, etc.) and preventive measures.

Operators need to sign for confirmation to ensure that they are familiar with the safety operation procedures.

Equipment and material inspection

Check whether the installation tools (such as electric drills, welding machines, cutting machines, etc.) are in good condition and whether the grounding protection is reliable. It is forbidden to use aging and damaged equipment.

Confirm the quality of air ducts, components and supports and hangers, and replace them if there are defects such as deformation and cracks, so as to avoid the risk of falling after installation.

Investigation of working environment

Check the lighting and ventilation conditions of the construction site to ensure sufficient light and air circulation (especially when working in the basement and confined space).

Clear obstacles (such as sundries, accumulated water, etc.) in the operation area, set warning signs, and prohibit irrelevant personnel from entering.

Second, the aerial work safety

Scaffolding and climbing equipment

For aerial work, it is necessary to set up standard scaffolding or use qualified ladders and lifting platforms, and it is forbidden to stand on unfixed components or air ducts.

Scaffolding can only be used after it is accepted by the safety officer. Protective railings and baseboards should be set on the operation floor, and the scaffolding should be firmly bound to prevent shaking.

Personal protective equipment

Operators must wear safety belts, which should be hung high and used low. Hooks should be fixed on solid components (such as load-bearing beams and scaffolding poles).

Wear safety helmet and non-slip shoes. It is forbidden to throw tools or materials at high altitude. You need to use tool bags or ropes to transfer them.

Anti-falling measures

Protective railings and safety nets shall be set up for edge operations such as floor openings and balcony edges, and sufficient lighting shall be provided for night operations.

When installing high-rise air ducts, it is necessary to set up a horizontal safety net or an operation platform to avoid falling.

Three, equipment and tools operation safety

Machining safety

When using cutting machine, bite machine and other equipment, it is necessary to strictly abide by the operating rules, and the operators must hold relevant certificates (such as special operation certificate).

When the equipment is running, it is forbidden to touch the transmission parts by hand, and the cutter should be equipped with a protective cover, and then it should be debugged or cleaned after stopping.

Welding and cutting safety

During welding and cutting operations, the surrounding flammable materials (such as oil stains and paper, etc.) shall be removed, equipped with fire-fighting equipment, and supervised by designated personnel.

Operators should wear protective masks, gloves and insulating shoes to prevent arc burns or electric shock.

Oxygen bottles and acetylene bottles should be stored separately, with a distance of not less than 5 meters and not less than 10 meters away from open flames to avoid exposure and collision.

Electrical equipment safety

The temporary electricity consumption on the construction site shall conform to the Technical Specification for Safety of Temporary Electricity Consumption on the Construction Site, and the three-phase five-wire system shall be adopted, and the equipment shall be reliably protected by grounding and zero connection.

Cables need to be protected by overhead or through pipes, and it is forbidden to connect them privately. The distribution box needs to be equipped with leakage protectors, and the insulation of the lines should be checked regularly.

Four, duct installation process safety

Hoisting and handling safety

Before hoisting the air duct, it is necessary to check the performance of lifting equipment (such as hoist and hoist) and the reliability of the spreader. When hoisting, it is necessary to be commanded by a special person to unify the signals.

When handling air duct, many people should cooperate, and lift it gently to avoid squeezing hands and feet or colliding with other objects.

During hoisting, it is forbidden to stand below, and then loosen the spreader after the air duct is fixed in place.

Flange connection and reinforcement

When connecting flanges, operators should pay attention to avoid scratching their fingers by bolts and flange edges, and hold tightly when using wrenches to prevent slipping and falling.

Duct stiffeners (such as angle steel and reinforcement bars) should be installed firmly to avoid injuries caused by component pop-up during reinforcement.

Obstacle crossing treatment

When the air duct passes through the wall or floor, it is necessary to set protective sleeves, and it is necessary to confirm whether there are pipelines (such as cables and water pipes) in the wall/floor during operation to avoid damaging the original facilities.

When installing air ducts in areas with fire protection requirements, it is necessary to fill gaps with incombustible materials and stay away from fire sources when working.

Five, special environment operation safety

Closed space operation

When installing air ducts in confined spaces such as basements and shafts, ventilation is required first, and oxygen content (not less than 19.5%) and harmful gas concentration (such as CO and VOCs) are detected. Only when they are qualified can they enter.

During the operation, ventilation shall be maintained continuously, and a special person shall be assigned for external supervision. It is forbidden to work alone, and emergency rescue equipment (such as respirator and safety rope) shall be provided.

Cross operation safety

When crossing with other types of work (such as electrical and civil engineering), it is necessary to coordinate the construction sequence to avoid simultaneous operation in the vertical direction, and if it is unavoidable, it is necessary to set up a protective shed.

It is strictly forbidden to stay or pass under the crane arm and scaffolding to prevent objects from falling and hitting.

Six, safety management after construction

Site cleaning

After the construction, clean up the waste materials (such as covered electrode's head and scraps) and tools in time, dismantle the temporary facilities and keep the site clean and tidy.

Check whether there are devices that have not been powered off and fire sources that have not been extinguished, so as to eliminate potential safety hazards.

Finished product protection

Installed air ducts should be well protected to avoid collision and trampling, especially in areas where people flow frequently.

For the air duct that needs anticorrosion and thermal insulation, avoid pollution or damage to the thermal insulation layer during construction.

Seven, emergency plan

The construction site needs to make an emergency plan, equipped with a first aid kit and commonly used drugs, and the operators need to master basic first aid knowledge (such as electric shock first aid, hemostasis and dressing).

In case of sudden accidents (such as fire, falling and poisoning), stop operation immediately, start emergency response, report it in time and organize rescue.

By strictly implementing the above safety measures, the safety risks in the installation and construction of ventilation pipes can be effectively reduced, and the safety and smooth progress of the project can be ensured.